Objective To investigate the effect of the effective constituents of Yixintai on liver histomorphology in rabbits with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods A rabbit model of CHF was established by the intravenous injection of Adriamycin at the ear margin and the administration of propylthiouracil suspension by gavage. After successful modeling, the rabbits were divided into model group, low-, middle-, and high-dose Yixintai effective constituent groups, and losartan potassium group, and a normal control group was also established. After 4 weeks of intervention, the general status of rabbits was compared between groups; echocardiography was used to measure interventricular septal thickness (IVST) and left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT); myocardial and liver tissue samples were collected to compare cardiac index, liver index, and liver histomorphological changes between groups. Results Compared with the normal control group, the model group had significant increases in IVST, LVPWT, cardiac index, and liver index (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the treatment groups had significant reductions in IVST, LVPWT, cardiac index, and liver index (P<0.05). Compared with the low-dose Yixintai effective constituent group, the middle- and high-dose Yixintai effective constituent groups and the losartan potassium group had significant reductions in IVST, LVPWT, cardiac index, and liver index (P<0.05). The normal control group had a basically normal morphological structure of the liver, and the treatment groups had alleviation of liver histomorphological changes compared with the model group. Conclusion Effective constituents of Yixintai can improve the general status of CHF rabbits, reduce IVST, LVPWT, cardiac index, and liver index, alleviate liver pathological and structural damage, and improve chronic heart failure.