Abstract:Objective To optimize the extraction process for fatty oil in Momordicae Semen, to investigate the changes in the "quality" and "quantity" of fatty oil constituents after processing, and to provide a basis for the processing mechanism and quality control of Momordicae Semen. Methods The L9 (34) orthogonal design was used, and the Soxhlet extraction method was used to extract fatty oil from Momordicae Semen. The extraction process for fatty oil from Momordicae Semen was investigated based on the different factors of material-liquid ratio, extraction time, and extraction temperature. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy was used to analyze and identify the fatty oil constituents of Momordicae Semen and Momordicae Semen cream, and the multivariate statistical method was used to analyze the change in fatty oil constituents after the preparation of Momordicae Semen cream and identify the differential fatty oil constituents. Results The optimal extraction process was a material-liquid ratio of 1∶40, an extraction time of 6 hours, and an extraction temperature of 85 ℃. There was a reduction in the total amount of fatty oil after the preparation of Momordicae Semen cream, while there were no significant changes in each constituent. A total of 14 fatty oil constituents were identified. A principal component analysis and an orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis were performed for the 14 fatty oil constituents before and after processing, and with reference to the variable importance in projection value, 8 fatty oil constituents with significant changes in content were screened out. Conclusion The deoiling rate is about 13% after the preparation of Momordicae Semen cream, and there is no significant change in the type of fatty oil constituents, but there are significant changes in the relative content of several fat oil constituents. Further studies are needed to investigate the influence of the change in fatty oil constituents on the quality and efficacy of Momordicae Semen after the preparation of Momordicae Semen cream.