Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Zuogui Busui Shengxue Prescription in the treatment of mice with aplastic anemia and its effect on the apoptosis of bone marrow nucleated cells.Methods A total of 40 specific pathogenfree ICR mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, Western medicine group, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) group. Busulfan and cyclophosphamide were given alternately for 12 days to establish a mouse model of aplastic anemia. Peripheral blood cell counting and histomorphological changes of bone marrow were observed, and the TUNEL method was used to measure the apoptosis of bone marrow nucleated cells.Results Compared with the normal group, the model group had significant reductions in peripheral blood leukocyte count, red blood cell count, platelet count, and hemoglobin level (P<0.05)and a significant increase in the apoptosis rate of bone marrow nucleated cells (P<0.05),as well as significant reductions in bone marrow hyperplasia,erythroid cells, granulocytes, and megakaryocytic series under a light microscope. Compared with the model group, the TCM group and the Western medicine group had significant increases in peripheral blood leukocyte count, red blood cell count, platelet count, and hemoglobin level (P<0.05) and a significant reduction in the apoptosis rate of bone marrow nucleated cells (P<0.05),as well as a significant increase in the proportion of hematopoietic tissue in bone marrow under the light microscope.Conclusion Zuogui Busui Shengxue Prescription can effectively increase peripheral blood cell counts and inhibit the apoptosis of bone marrow nucleated cells in mice with aplastic anemia.