Objective To investigate the differences in volatile components between the petal,pistil,stamen,and calyx of Magnolia biondii Pamp.Methods Headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) was used to extract volatile components from the petal,pistil,stamen,and calyx of Magnolia biondii Pamp.,and retention index (RI) was used for qualitative identification.The area normalization method was used to calculate the relative percentage content of each component. Results A total of 65 volatile components were identified, with 50 components in the petal, 54 in the pistil, 47 in the stamen, and 47 in the calyx, and there were 33 common components. Terpenes (monoterpenes and monoterpene ethers) and alkanes were the main volatile components in the four parts. Specific enrichment of sabinene in the petal (accounting for 16.91%) and eudesmol in the calyx (accounting for 17.97%) was observed for the first time. Conclusion The pistil and stamen of Magnolia biondii Pamp. have similar volatile components, and the greatest difference in components is observed between the petal and the other three parts, which provides a scientific basis for the precise processing and quality assessment of the medicinal parts of Magnolia biondii Pamp.