Objective To investigate the chemical components of dried rhizomes of Polygonatum hunanense H. H. Liu & B. Z. Wang,a plant belonging to the genus Polygonatum.Methods The methods such as Silica gel,Sephadex LH-20 gel,and semi-preparative HPLC were used for the isolation and purification of the ethyl acetate part of P.hunanense-,and then the structures of the compounds obtained were identified based on spectral data and physicochemical properties.Results A total of 13 compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of the rhizome of P. hunanense, which were identified as 5,7-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-(4-methoxybenzyl)-chroman-4-one (1),5,7-dihydroxy-3-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-chroman-4-one (2),ophiopogonanone G (3),3-(4′-hydroxy-benzyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-methyl-chroman-4-one (4),5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-3-(2′-hydroxy-4′-methoxybenzyl-)chroman-4-one (5), 3-(2′,4′-dihydroxybenzyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-chroman-4-one (6),polygonatone H (7), 4′,5,7-trihydroxy-6,8-dimethylhomoisoflavanone (8),3-(4′-hydroxybenzylidene)-5,7-dihydroxychroman-4-one (9),daucosterol (10),linoleic acid (11),β-sitosterol (12),and methyl hexadecanoate (13).Conclusion Compound 13 is isolated from Polygonatum for the first time,and compounds 1-13 are isolated from P.hunanense for the first time.