Objective To investigate the effect of modified Liangxue Dihuang Decoction on postoperative wound healing and complications in patients with mixed hemorrhoids, as well as its mechanism of action in promoting wound healing. Methods A total of 80 patients with mixed hemorrhoids after surgery were divided into observation group and control group using a random number table, with 40 patients in each group. The patients in the control group were given routine treatment such as anti-infective therapy, traditional Chinese medicine fumigation and washing, and dressing change, and those in the observation group were given oral administration of modified Liangxue Dihuang Decoction in addition to the treatment in the control group; the course of treatment was 7 days for both groups. On days 1 and 7 after surgery, the scores of wound pain and edema were determined, and postoperative complications were evaluated. The patients were followed up after discharge to observe wound healing time. On days 1, 3, and 7 after surgery, serum levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and collagen Ⅰ (COL-Ⅰ) were measured. Results Both groups had significant reductions in the scores of pain and edema from day 1 to day 7 after surgery, and there was a significant difference in the change in pain score between the two groups (P<0.05). There were significant differences between the two groups in the incidence rates of postoperative complications and wound healing time (both P<0.05). Both groups had significant increases in the levels of TGF-β and COL-Ⅰ from day 1 to day 3 after surgery (P<0.05) and significant increases in the levels of TGF-β, EFG, and COL-Ⅰ from day 3 to day 7 after surgery (P<0.05), and there were significant differences in the levels of TGF-β, EFG, and COL-Ⅰ between the two groups on days 3 and 7 after surgery (P<0.05). Conclusion In patients with mixed hemorrhoids, modified Liangxue Dihuang Decoction combined with routine treatment can improve postoperative pain, reduce postoperative complications, and shorten wound healing time, possibly by increasing the serum levels of TGF-β, EFG, and COL-Ⅰ.